Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher VS CO₂ – Which One to Choose?
A fire extinguisher is a crucial device for controlling and suppressing fires in emergencies. However, selecting the right fire extinguisher depends on the situation. Dry chemical powder and CO₂ fire extinguishers are widely used, but to use them correctly and effectively, it’s essential to understand their differences. Let’s compare dry chemical powder vs. CO₂ fire extinguishers to determine which type suits which situation and where they should be installed for maximum safety!
Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher
Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher
A dry chemical powder fire extinguisher is a multi-purpose extinguisher that can put out various types of fires by using dry chemical powder to stop the combustion reaction. It is suitable for use in homes, office buildings, factories, and places with a high fire risk.
Features of Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher
Can extinguish multiple fire classes, including Class A, B, and C.
Easy to use and can suppress fires quickly.
Cost-effective compared to other types of fire extinguishers.
Available in various sizes, from portable small units to large units for buildings.
Safe for high-voltage electrical fires, as it does not conduct electricity.
Disadvantages or Limitations of Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher
Leaves chemical residue after use, requiring cleanup.
Not suitable for server rooms or electronic equipment, as it may cause damage.
Can affect respiratory health, as dispersed powder may cause eye irritation and coughing.
Cannot be used for Class D (flammable metals) or Class K (cooking oil) fires.
Single-use only—once discharged, it needs to be refilled.
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Fire Extinguisher
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Fire Extinguisher
A CO₂ fire extinguisher uses carbon dioxide gas as the extinguishing agent, working by reducing oxygen levels and lowering fire temperature, allowing flames to be extinguished quickly. It is ideal for electrical fires since it leaves no residue, making it widely used in server rooms, electrical control rooms, and areas with electronic equipment.
Features of CO₂ Fire Extinguisher
Effectively extinguishes fires by removing oxygen and reducing heat.
Leaves no residue, making it safe for electrical and electronic equipment.
Non-conductive, making it safe for high-voltage electrical fires.
Easy and safe to use, without concerns about leftover substances.
Available in multiple sizes, ranging from small (2 kg) to large (50 kg) units.
Disadvantages or Limitations of CO₂ Fire Extinguisher
Not suitable for Class A fires (ordinary combustibles), as fires may reignite once CO₂ dissipates if the material remains hot.
Ineffective for outdoor use, as CO₂ gas disperses quickly and may be blown away before extinguishing the fire.
Hazardous in confined spaces, as CO₂ displaces oxygen, which can cause suffocation, unconsciousness, or even death.
Heavy and bulky, as CO₂ extinguishers require thicker and stronger cylinders compared to other types.
Single-use only, once discharged, it cannot be easily refilled by the user.
Differences Between Dry Chemical Powder and CO₂ Fire Extinguishers
Selecting the appropriate fire extinguisher is crucial for efficient and safe fire suppression. To make the decision easier, here is a comparison between Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguishers and CO₂ Fire Extinguishers, outlining their differences and suitability for various situations.
Comparison Between Dry Chemical Powder and CO₂ Fire Extinguishers
1. Extinguishing Agent
Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher: Uses Mono-Ammonium Phosphate or Sodium Bicarbonate as the extinguishing agent.
CO₂ Fire Extinguisher: Uses Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) gas.
2. Working Mechanism
Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher: Blocks oxygen and interrupts the combustion reaction.
CO₂ Fire Extinguisher: Reduces oxygen levels around the fire and lowers the temperature.
3. Fire Classes It Can Extinguish
Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher:
Class A: Common combustibles (wood, paper, fabric, plastic).
Class B: Flammable liquids (oil, thinner, paint, alcohol).
Class C: Electrical equipment.
CO₂ Fire Extinguisher:
Class B: Flammable liquids.
Class C: Electrical equipment.
4. Outdoor Use
Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher: Effective even in windy conditions.
CO₂ Fire Extinguisher: Not suitable for outdoor use, as CO₂ dissipates quickly and can cause oxygen depletion.
5. Cost
Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher: Affordable and cost-effective.
CO₂ Fire Extinguisher: More expensive than dry chemical powder extinguishers.
Maintenance of Dry Chemical Powder and CO₂ Fire Extinguishers
1. Check the Pressure Regularly (Monthly)
Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher: Monitor the pressure gauge, ensuring the needle is in the green zone. If the pressure is low, refill the extinguisher.
CO₂ Fire Extinguisher: No pressure gauge; instead, check the weight of the cylinder.
2. Inspect the Cylinder and Nozzle (Monthly)
Check for dents, leaks, rust, or damage on the cylinder and nozzle.
3. Verify the Safety Seal and Lock Pin
The safety pin must be intact with no signs of tampering. If the seal is broken or missing, verify whether the extinguisher has been used.
4. Replace the Extinguishing Agent as Required
Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher: Refill or replace the agent every 3-5 years.
CO₂ Fire Extinguisher: Refill if weight is reduced by more than 10%.
5. Ensure Proper Installation Location
Install in an accessible location, free from obstructions.
Keep away from direct sunlight and high humidity areas.
Position at eye level (1.2 – 1.5 meters from the ground) for easy access.
The selection of a suitable fire extinguisher should be based on its intended use and the type of fire that may occur. If a multi-purpose and cost-effective extinguisher is needed, a Dry Chemical Powder Fire Extinguisher is the best choice. However, if a clean agent extinguisher is required for electrical equipment that leaves no residue after use, a CO₂ Fire Extinguisher should be selected. In case of uncertainty about which type to choose, it is recommended to consult fire safety experts like Prowinner, who offer comprehensive services and expert guidance, making fire safety decisions easy.
A fire extinguisher is a crucial device for controlling and suppressing fires in emergencies. However, selecting the right fire extinguisher depends on the situation
